A healthy mouth is not only a perfect set of teeth. Healthy gums are also essential for good overall oral health. Our mouths contain various bacteria responsible for tooth decay and gum problems.
Multiple studies have indicated the relation between gum problems and general health conditions like diabetes and heart problems. Therefore, taking good oral health care is essential to avoid such complications.
We all know the importance of regular brushing and flossing. However, brushing and flossing alone are insufficient to maintain optimum gum health. Irregular brushing or incorrect brushing technique will lead to plaque accumulation.
Plaque is a thin yellow layer containing bacteria deposited on the teeth’ surface. Plaque can not be removed with brushing. You need a professional teeth cleaning to remove plaque. Plaque, if not removed timely, can result in tartar formation.
Tartar is calcified plaque. When not removed on time, plaque and tartar deposits start irritating gums. The initial gum problems begin with the gums themselves. Changes in the color and consistency of the gums indicate initial gum problems.
As the disease progresses, it affects the supporting tissues of the teeth. Once these tissues are involved, the teeth start showing mobility.
Bleeding at the slightest provocation during regular activities like brushing is the most common sign of gum problems. The gums tend to bleed when you eat raw fruits and vegetables, as plaque and tartar deposits constantly irritate them.
Bleeding gums are the most common sign of early-stage or mild gum disease.
As the disease progresses, we see changes in the consistency of the gums. Gums become swollen as the gum disease progresses to its later stages.
Foul odor is another common symptom of gum problems. It is one of those symptoms that you can easily note. If you practice good oral hygiene techniques of brushing and flossing, but have bad breath, you might have gum problems.
In advanced gum problems, the supporting tissues get involved, and the teeth start showing mobility. The treatment option for mobility depends on the severity of mobility.
Various treatment options are available, mainly categorised into nonsurgical and surgical options.
Professional cleaning or scaling is the most common treatment option. Depending on the requirement, teeth cleaning can be prophylactic, deep curettage, or root planing.
Scaling is often accompanied by tooth polishing. This is done to smooth the teeth’s surface so that there is less chance of plaque accumulation.
Gingivoplasty, or gum recontouring, reshapes the gum line. It is indicated in cases of extra gum tissue and crown lengthening procedures. The procedure can be performed using traditional methods or dental lasers. It is painless and done under local anesthesia.
Gingivectomy involves removing excess gum tissue to improve the gum line. It is indicated for correcting gummy smiles and can be done using traditional methods or dental lasers.
Flap surgeries are an effective way of managing advanced gum diseases. They are indicated in severe gum recession cases and help tackle food lodgement and sensitivity cases.
Graft surgeries are indicated in severe cases of gum problems. Gum grafts are placed to cover the exposed areas.
Tooth splinting is done in cases of mild tooth mobility. Support is drawn from adjacent teeth to stabilise the mobile teeth. In severe cases of mobility, splinting is not advised.




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